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Python dir() Function: Use, Syntax, and Examples
By IncludeHelp Last updated : December 07, 2024
Python dir() function
The dir() function is a library function in Python, it is used to get the list of all properties and methods of an object, it accepts an object and returns a list of all inbuilt, user-defined properties, and methods without the values.
Consider the below example with sample input/output values:
Input:
class std_info:
name = "Amit shukla"
age = 21
course = "B.Tech (CS)"
# printing details using dir() function
print(dir(std_info))
Output:
['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__'...
...'age', 'course', 'name']
Syntax
The following is the syntax of dir() function:
dir(object)
Parameter(s):
The following are the parameter(s):
- object – an object whose properties and methods we want.
Return Value
The return type of dir() function is <class 'list'>, it returns a list of all properties and methods.
Python dir() Example 1: Get the list of properties, methods of an object
# python code to demonstrate example of
# dir() function
class std_info:
name = "Amit shukla"
age = 21
course = "B.Tech (CS)"
# printing return type of dir() function
print("return type of dir(): ", type(dir(std_info)))
# printing details using dir() function
print(dir(std_info))
Output
return type of dir(): <class 'list'>
['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__',
'__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__gt__',
'__hash__', '__init__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__',
'__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__se
tattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__',
'age', 'course', 'name']
Python dir() Example 2: Get the list of properties, methods an integer and a float object
# python code to demonstrate example of
# dir() function
a = 10
b = 10.23
print("a has...")
print(dir(a))
print("b has...")
print(dir(a))
Output
a has...
['__abs__', '__add__', '__and__', '__bool__', '__ceil__', '__class__', '__delattr__',
'__dir__', '__divmod__', '__doc__', '__eq __', '__float__', '__floor__', '__floordiv__',
'__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getnewargs__', '__gt__', '__hash_
_', '__index__', '__init__', '__int__', '__invert__', '__le__', '__lshift__', '__lt__',
'__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__neg_ _', '__new__', '__or__', '__pos__', '__pow__',
'__radd__', '__rand__', '__rdivmod__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__' ,
'__rfloordiv__', '__rlshift__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__ror__', '__round__', '__rpow__',
'__rrshift__', '__rshift__', '__rsub__', '__rtruediv__', '__rxor__', '__setattr__',
'__sizeof__', '__str__', '__sub__', '__subclasshook__', '__truediv__', '__trunc__',
'__xor__', 'bit_length', 'conjugate', 'denominator', 'from_bytes',
'imag', 'numerator', 'real', 'to_bytes']
b has...
['__abs__', '__add__', '__and__', '__bool__', '__ceil__', '__class__', '__delattr__',
'__dir__', '__divmod__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__float__', '__floor__', '__floordiv__',
'__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getnewargs__', '__gt__', '__hash__',
'__index__', '__init__', '__int__', '__invert__', '__le__', '__lshift__', '__lt__',
'__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__neg__', '__new__', '__or__', '__pos__', '__pow__',
'__radd__', '__rand__', '__rdivmod__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__' ,
'__rfloordiv__', '__rlshift__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__ror__', '__round__',
'__rpow__', '__rrshift__', '__rshift__', '__rsub__', '__rtruediv__', '__rxor__',
'__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__sub__', '__subclasshook__', '__truediv__',
'__trunc__', '__xor__', 'bit_length', 'conjugate', 'denominator',
'from_bytes', 'imag', 'numerator', 'real', 'to_bytes']