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Matrix implementation in Python

Learn: In this article we are going to implement matrix operation using list. Nested list can be used to implement matrix operation. List as an element for another list is called nested list.
Submitted by Abhishek Jain, on October 02, 2017

Its syntax is:

a=[[random.random() for col in range(number of column)]
for row in range(number of row)]

Here, we need to import random file as random() method is used.

1) Matrix creation

Program to input matrix with m*n and print the numbers in matrix format.

import random
m = input("Enter No. of rows in the matrix: ")
n = input("Enter No. of columns in the matrix: ")
a = [[random.random() for col in range(n)] for row in range(m)]
print "Enter elements: "
for i in range(m):
    for j in range(n):
        a[i][j] = input()
print "output is"
for i in range(m):
 for j in range(n):
    print a[i][j], '\t',
 print

Output

Input:
Enter No. of rows in the matrix: 3
Enter No. of columns in the matrix: 3
Enter elements: 
1
2
3
8
6
3
7
3
5

Output:
output is
1 	2 	3 	
8 	6 	3 	
7 	3 	5 	

2) Matrix Addition

Suppose A and B are m*n matrices. The sum of A and B, written as A+B, is the m*n matrix obtained by adding corresponding elements from A and B.

import random
m1=input("Enter No. of rows in the first matrix: ")
n1=input("Enter No. of columns in the first matrix: ")
a=[[random.random()for col in range(n1)]for row in range(m1)]
print "Enter Elements: "
for i in range(m1):
    for j in range(n1):
        a[i][j]=input()
m2=input("Enter No. of rows in the second matrix: ")
n2=input("Enter No. of columns in the second matrix: ")
b=[[random.random()for col in range(n2)]for row in range(m2)]
print "Enter Elements: "
for i in range(m2):
    for j in range(n2):
        b[i][j]=input()
c=[[random.random()for col in range(n1)]for row in range(m1)]
if ((m1==m2) and (n1==n2)):
    print "output is"
    for i in range(m1):
        for j in range(n1):
            c[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j]
            print c[i][j], '\t',
        print
else:
    print "Matrix addition not possible"

Output

Enter No. of rows in the first matrix: 2
Enter No. of columns in the first matrix: 3
Enter Elements: 
1
2
3
4
5
6
Enter No. of rows in the second matrix: 2
Enter No. of columns in the second matrix: 3
Enter Elements: 
1
2
3
4
5
6
Output:
output is
2 	4 	6 	
8 	10 	12