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C++ program to find the subtraction of two matrices using class

Submitted by Shubh Pachori, on October 03, 2022

Problem statement

Given two matrices, we have to find their subtraction using the class and object approach.

Example:

Input: 
Enter 1st Matrix elements :
[0][0]:1
[0][1]:2
[0][2]:3
[1][0]:4
[1][1]:5
[1][2]:6
[2][0]:7
[2][1]:8
[2][2]:9

Enter 2nd Matrix elements :
[0][0]:1
[0][1]:2
[0][2]:3
[1][0]:4
[1][1]:5
[1][2]:6
[2][0]:7
[2][1]:8
[2][2]:9
Output: 
Entered 1st Matrix :
1  2  3  
4  5  6  
7  8  9  

Entered 2nd Matrix :
1  2  3  
4  5  6  
7  8  9  

Subtracted Matrix :
0  0  0  
0  0  0  
0  0  0  

C++ code to find the subtraction of two matrices using the class and object approach

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// create a class
class Matrix {
  // private data members
 private:
  int matrix1[3][3], matrix2[3][3];

  // public member functions
 public:
  // getMatrix() function to insert matrices
  void getMatrix() {
    cout << "Enter 1st Matrix elements :" << endl;

    for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
      for (int column = 0; column < 3; column++) {
        cout << "[" << row << "][" << column << "]: ";
        cin >> matrix1[row][column];
      }
    }

    cout << "\nEnter 2nd Matrix elements :" << endl;

    for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
      for (int column = 0; column < 3; column++) {
        cout << "[" << row << "][" << column << "]: ";
        cin >> matrix2[row][column];
      }
    }
  }

  // subtractMatrix() function to subtract matrices
  void subtractMatrix() {
    // initialising variables to perform operations
    int subtract[3][3], row, column;

    cout << "\nEntered 1st Matrix :" << endl;

    // nested for loop to show inputted matrices
    for (row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
      for (column = 0; column < 3; column++) {
        cout << matrix1[row][column] << "  ";
      }

      cout << "\n";
    }

    cout << "\nEntered 2nd Matrix :" << endl;

    // nested for loop to show inputted matrices
    for (row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
      for (column = 0; column < 3; column++) {
        cout << matrix2[row][column] << "  ";
      }

      cout << "\n";
    }

    cout << "\n";

    // nested for loop to subtract matrices
    for (row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
      for (column = 0; column < 3; column++) {
        subtract[row][column] = matrix1[row][column] - matrix2[row][column];
      }
    }

    cout << "\nSubtracted Matrix :" << endl;

    // nested for loop to show subtracted matrices
    for (row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
      for (column = 0; column < 3; column++) {
        cout << subtract[row][column] << "  ";
      }
      cout << endl;
    }
  }
};

int main() {
  // create an object
  Matrix M;

  // calling getMatrix() function to 
  // insert Matrices
  M.getMatrix();

  // calling subtractMatrix() function to 
  // subtract Matrices
  M.subtractMatrix();

  return 0;
}

Output

Enter 1st Matrix elements :
[0][0]: 11
[0][1]: 12
[0][2]: 13
[1][0]: 14
[1][1]: 15
[1][2]: 16
[2][0]: 17
[2][1]: 18
[2][2]: 19

Enter 2nd Matrix elements :
[0][0]: 1
[0][1]: 2
[0][2]: 3
[1][0]: 4
[1][1]: 5
[1][2]: 6
[2][0]: 7
[2][1]: 8
[2][2]: 9

Entered 1st Matrix :
11  12  13  
14  15  16  
17  18  19  

Entered 2nd Matrix :
1  2  3  
4  5  6  
7  8  9  

Subtracted Matrix :
10  10  10  
10  10  10  
10  10  10  

Explanation

In the above code, we have created a class Matrix, two int type 2d array data members matrix1[3][3] and matrix2[3][3] to store the matrix, and public member functions getMatrix() and subtractMatrix() to insert matrices and to subtract matrices.

In the main() function, we are creating an object M of class Matrix, reading matrices given by the user using getMatrix() function, and finally calling the subtractMatrix() member function to subtract the given matrices. The subtractMatrix() function contains the logic to subtract the given matrices and printing the result.

C++ Class and Object Programs (Set 2) »