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C++ program to find the perimeter of shapes using class

Submitted by Shubh Pachori, on September 04, 2022

Problem statement

Learn, how can we find the perimeter of shapes using the class and object approach?

Example:

Enter Circle's Radius :32
Circumference of Circle : 201.143

Enter Rectangle's Length :23
Enter Rectangle's Breadth :43
Perimeter of Rectangle : 132

Enter Square's Side :23
Perimeter of Square : 92

C++ code to find the perimeter of shapes using the class and object approach

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// create a class
class Shape {
  // protected data member
 protected:
  float perimeter;
};

// class Rectangle inheriting class Shape
class Rectangle : public Shape {
  // protected data members
 protected:
  float length, breadth;

  // public member function
 public:
  // get() function to input attributes of the class
  void get() {
    cout << "\nEnter Rectangle's Length :";
    cin >> length;

    cout << "Enter Rectangle's Breadth :";
    cin >> breadth;
  }

  // Perimeter() function to calculate 
  // the perimeter of the class
  double Perimeter() {
    // calculating perimeter
    perimeter = 2 * (length + breadth);

    // returning perimeter
    return perimeter;
  }
};

// class Circle inheriting class Shape
class Circle : public Shape {
  // protected data member
 protected:
  float radius;

  // public member functions
 public:
  // get() function to input attributes of the class
  void get() {
    cout << "Enter Circle's Radius :";
    cin >> radius;
  }

  // Perimeter() function to calculate perimeter of the class
  double Perimeter() {
    // calculating perimeter
    perimeter = (2 * 22 * radius) / 7;

    // returning perimeter
    return perimeter;
  }
};

// class Square inheriting
class Square : public Shape {
  // protected data member
 protected:
  float side;

  // public member function
 public:
  // get() function to input attributes of class
  void get() {
    cout << "\nEnter Square's Side :";
    cin >> side;
  }

  // Perimeter() function to calculate perimeter of the class
  double Perimeter() {
    // calculating perimeter
    perimeter = 4 * side;

    // returning perimeter
    return perimeter;
  }
};

int main() {
  // create an object of Circle class
  Circle C;

  // float type variable to 
  // store perimeter
  float circle;

  // calling get() function to 
  // input radius of circle
  C.get();

  // calling Perimeter() function to calculate perimeter of circle
  circle = C.Perimeter();

  cout << "Circumference of Circle : " << circle << endl;

  // create an object of Rectangle class
  Rectangle R;

  // float type variable to store perimeter
  float rectangle;

  // calling get() function to input length
  // and breadth of rectangle
  R.get();

  // calling Perimeter() function to 
  // calculate perimeter of rectangle
  rectangle = R.Perimeter();

  cout << "Perimeter of Rectangle : " << rectangle << endl;

  // create an object of Square class
  Square S;

  // float type variable to store perimeter
  float square;

  // calling get() function to 
  // input side of square
  S.get();

  // calling Perimeter() function to 
  // calculate perimeter of square
  square = S.Perimeter();

  cout << "Perimeter of Square : " << square << endl;

  return 0;
}

Output

Enter Circle's Radius :12
Circumference of Circle : 75.4286

Enter Rectangle's Length :11
Enter Rectangle's Breadth :13
Perimeter of Rectangle : 48

Enter Square's Side :10
Perimeter of Square : 40

Explanation

In the above code, we have created a parent class Shape, and a protected float type data member perimeter to calculate and store the perimeter of various shapes. A base class Rectangle inherits the parent class Shape and its elements and this base class has two public member functions get() and Perimeter(), to store attributes and to calculate the perimeter of the shape. Same as above there are two more base classes Circle and Square with two public member functions get() and Perimeter() to store the attributes and to calculate the perimeter of the shape.

In the main() function, we are creating objects of these base classes C of class Circle, R of class Rectangle and S of class Square, then initialize some float variables to store perimeters of particular shapes and then call functions to perform operations like input attributes and to calculate the perimeter of the shapes. In the end, returning results.

C++ Class and Object Programs (Set 2) »