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In which scenario does Euler's formula fail to provide accurate predictions?

55. In which scenario does Euler's formula fail to provide accurate predictions?

1. Beams made of homogeneous materials
2. Beams subjected to uniform distributed load
3. Beams with slender cross-sections
4. Beams with imperfections and initial deflections

Answer

The correct answer is: D) Beams with imperfections and initial deflections

Explanation

Euler's formula assumes ideal conditions and doesn't account for imperfections or initial deflections in beams, leading to inaccuracies in its predictions when such conditions are present.