Home » Golang

Go Language - Multi-dimensional Arrays

Go multidimensional array is simply an array containing other arrays as its elements. The most common type of multidimensional array is the two-dimensional array, which is useful for representing matrices, tables, or grids.

Declaring Multidimensional Arrays

In Go, multidimensional arrays are declared using multiple sets of square brackets.

Syntax

The syntax for declaring a multidimensional array in Go is shown below:

package main
import "fmt"

func main() {
    var arr [3][3]int // 3x3 multidimensional array
}

Declaring and Initializing Multidimensional Arrays

Multidimensional arrays can be initialized during declaration. Below is an example of a 2x2 multidimensional array:

Example

package main
import "fmt"

func main() {
    // Declare and initialize a 2x2 array
    var arr = [2][2]int{{1, 2}, {3, 4}}
    fmt.Println(arr)
}

When executed, this program outputs:

[[1 2] [3 4]]

Accessing Elements

Elements in a multidimensional array can be accessed using their indices. Below is an example of accessing an element:

Example

package main
import "fmt"

func main() {
    arr := [2][2]int{{5, 10}, {15, 20}}
    fmt.Println("Element at [1][0]:", arr[1][0])
}

When executed, this program outputs:

Element at [1][0]: 15

Iterating Through a Multidimensional Array

You can use nested loops to iterate through each element of a multidimensional array. Below is an example of iterating through a 2x3 array:

Example

package main
import "fmt"

func main() {
    arr := [2][3]int{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}}
    
    for i := 0; i < len(arr); i++ {
        for j := 0; j < len(arr[i]); j++ {
            fmt.Print(arr[i][j], " ")
        }
        fmt.Println()
    }
}

When executed, this program outputs:

1 2 3 
4 5 6 

Using Range to Iterate

The range keyword can be used to iterate over a multidimensional array in a more readable way. Below is an example of using range:

Example

package main
import "fmt"

func main() {
    arr := [2][2]int{{7, 8}, {9, 10}}
    
    for _, row := range arr {
        for _, val := range row {
            fmt.Print(val, " ")
        }
        fmt.Println()
    }
}

When executed, this program outputs:

7 8 
9 10