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Ruby basics – Find output programs (set 2)

This section contains the Ruby basics find output programs (set 2) with their output and explanations.
Submitted by Nidhi, on February 10, 2022

Program 1:

def main
    num = 20;
    msg = "Hello World"
    
    printf "Num: %d\n", num;
    printf "Message: %s\n", msg;
end

main();

Output:

Num: 20
Message: Hello World

Explanation:

In the above program, we created an integer variable num and a string variable msg. Then we printed the value of variables in a formatted manner using the printf() method.

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Program 2:

def main
    num = 20;
    msg = "Hello World"
    
    printf("%d,%s\n"), num, msg;
end

main();

Output:

HelloWorld.rb:5: syntax error, unexpected ',', expecting keyword_end
    printf("%d,%s\n"), num, msg;
                     ^
HelloWorld.rb:5: syntax error, unexpected ';', expecting '='
...   printf("%d,%s\n"), num, msg;
...                              ^
HelloWorld.rb:8: syntax error, unexpected end-of-input, expecting keyword_end
main();
       ^

Explanation:

The above program will generate syntax errors due to the syntax of the printf() method. The correct source code is given below:

def main
    num = 20;
    msg = "Hello World";
    
    printf("%d,%s\n", num, msg);
end

main();

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Program 3:

ret = puts "Hello";

if ret == nil
    print "ABC\n";
else
    print "XYZ\n";
end

Output:

Hello
ABC

Explanation:

In the above program, we printed the "Hello" message using the puts() method. The puts() method returns nil, that's why "ABC" is also printed.

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Program 4:

var1 = var2 = "hello";

print "var1: ", var1, "\n";
print "var2: ", var2, "\n";

Output:

var1: hello
var2: hello

Explanation:

In the above program, we created two variables var1, var2 that were initialized with "hello". Then we printed the value of both variables.

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Program 5:

var1 = "hello ";
var2 = "hi ";

var3 = var1 + var2;

print "var3: ", var3, "\n";

Output:

var3: hello hi 

Explanation:

In the above program, we created two string variables var1, var2 that were initialized with "hello ", "hi ". Then we concatenated the strings using the "+" operator and assigned the result to the variable var3. After that, we printed the result.

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