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What is the full form of RIP?

Full form of RIP: Here, we are going to learn about the RIP, full form of RIP, overview, features, versions, etc. By Anushree Goswami Last updated : March 26, 2024

RIP: Routing Information Protocol

RIP is also an abbreviation of the Routing Information Protocol. The Routing Information Protocol is one of the oldest distance-vector dynamic routing protocols. It uses a hop count as a primary routing metric. In the case of hop count, RIP averts routing loops executing a restriction on the number of nodes that are enabled and counted between source and destination. The highest number of hops permitted for RIP is 15, which restricts the size of networks that can be maintained by RIP. According to the RIP hop limit, the hop count 0 indicates a network that is without any deviation linked to the route, the hop count 16 indicates a network that is not reachable.

In the form of the transport protocol, RIP uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP). It is allocated a reserved port number which is 520. Inside a local area network (LAN) or classified group of LANs, RIP is a broadly used protocol for controlling and organizing router information.

Features of RIP

• Periodically, the updates of the network are always interchanged.
• Information updates of routing are always broadcasted.
• The tables of complete routing are sent in updates.
• The routing information received by adjacent routers is always trusted by Routers. This is also called as Routing on rumors.

Versions of Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

Following are the three versions of Routing Information Protocol,

1. RIP version 1
   RIP version 1 is known as Classful Routing Protocol because, in its routing updates, it doesn't send information of subnet mask.
   1. RIP v1 allowed interface sends an update as broadcast.
   2. RIP v1 broadcast at 255.255.255.255 a request message.
   3. The authentication of update request messages doesn't support RIP v1.
2. RIP version 2
   RIP version 2 is known as Classless Routing Protocol because, in its routing updates, it sends information of subnet mask.
   1. RIP v2 allowed interface sends an update as multicast.
   2. RIP v2 multicast at 224.0.0.9, to the complete routing table to all adjoining routers.
   3. The authentication of update request messages is supported by RIP v2.
3. RIPng (RIP next generation)
   
   1. RIPng sends an update as a multicast.
   2. RIPng multicast at FF02::9.
   3. RIPng maintains on IPv6 networks.
   4. The authentication of update request messages doesn't support by RIPng.

RIP Timers

• Update timer: Periodically, the routers exchange their routing table by using the update timer.
• Invalid timer: If no update came to 180 seconds, then the destination router considered invalid. In this case, the destination router mark hop counts as 16.
• Hold down timer: The router waits for the adjacent router to respond at this time. If no response in the given time, then it is declared dead. By default, it is 180 seconds.
• Flush time: The entrance of the route will be flushed at this time.